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Bacterial vaginosis is a common vaginal infection that occurs when the natural balance of bacteria in the vagina is disrupted, leading to an overgrowth of certain types of bacteria. This imbalance often causes a thin, white or greyish discharge with a strong fishy odour, especially after sexual activity. While bacterial vaginosis is not considered a sexually transmitted infection (STI), it can increase the risk of contracting STIs such as chlamydia and gonorrhoea.

The exact cause of bacterial vaginosis is not fully understood, but it is believed to be linked to several factors that alter the vaginal environment. These factors can include changes in sexual partners, the use of perfumed soaps or vaginal douches, and other practices that disrupt the normal vaginal pH balance. Smoking and the use of intrauterine devices (IUDs) are also associated with an increased risk of developing bacterial vaginosis.

Bacterial vaginosis is usually diagnosed based on a combination of symptoms and clinical findings. A healthcare professional may take a vaginal swab to check for the presence of bacteria and assess vaginal pH levels. Other diagnostic criteria include the characteristic thin discharge and fishy smell, as well as the presence of "clue cells," which are seen under a microscope and are indicative of bacterial vaginosis.

Bacterial vaginosis is typically treated with antibiotics, either in oral form or as a vaginal gel or cream. The most common treatments include metronidazole, which can be taken as a tablet or applied as a gel, and clindamycin, which is available as a cream. These treatments work by reducing the overgrowth of bacteria and restoring the natural balance of bacteria in the vagina. It is important to complete the full course of antibiotics to ensure the infection is fully cleared.

The primary symptoms of bacterial vaginosis include a thin white or greyish vaginal discharge with a strong fishy smell, particularly after sex. However, many women may not experience any symptoms at all. Unlike some other infections, bacterial vaginosis typically does not cause itching, soreness, or inflammation.

To help prevent bacterial vaginosis from recurring, it is recommended to avoid practices that can disrupt the natural balance of bacteria in the vagina, such as douching or using perfumed products. Using condoms during sexual activity and limiting the number of sexual partners may also reduce the risk of recurrence. Hormonal birth control methods, such as the contraceptive pill, may also help reduce the chances of developing bacterial vaginosis. For women who experience recurrent episodes, longer-term antibiotic treatments may be recommended by a healthcare provider.

Bacterial vaginosis is not considered a sexually transmitted infection. It is caused by an imbalance of naturally occurring bacteria in the vagina, rather than being passed between partners. However, sexual activity can influence the development of bacterial vaginosis, and women in same-sex relationships may pass the condition to each other. In these cases, it may be recommended to treat both partners.

While bacterial vaginosis usually does not cause serious health issues, it can increase the risk of complications during pregnancy, such as premature birth or miscarriage. Pregnant women who notice changes in vaginal discharge or suspect they may have bacterial vaginosis should seek medical advice from a GP or midwife to ensure appropriate treatment and reduce the risk of complications.

You can purchase treatments for bacterial vaginosis, such as metronidazole or clindamycin, at My London Pharmacy. Our licensed healthcare professionals can provide expert advice and guidance on the most suitable treatment option for your condition.